Plantilla de cuenta de resultados en Google Sheets

Para las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME), crear una cuenta de resultados puede ser un proceso largo y costoso. También denominada cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias (PnL), estado de ingresos, o estado de gastos de explotación, an income statement helps you measure the performance of your company. On top of that, it can be used to secure financing as well as to calculate and pay taxes.

La cuenta de resultados es uno de los tres principales estados financieros. Resume los ingresos y gastos de la empresa durante un periodo de tiempo determinado. Se diferencia del estado de flujos de caja en que se basa en el devengo de gastos e ingresos a efectos contables y no de pago. Por último, está el balance, que resume el activo y el pasivo.

Básicamente, una cuenta de resultados muestra a directores e inversores si la empresa ganó dinero o no durante ese periodo contable.

Normalmente, hay que recopilar e introducir datos manualmente en un programa de contabilidad para crear una cuenta de resultados. Muchas pequeñas empresas envían esos datos a un contable externo... y luego esperan a que el contable los procese.

Using a ready-made income statement template lets you produce the statement yourself, in-house, from the numbers you already have. Below I’ll walk you through Sheetgo’s free Income statement template for Google Sheets: one spreadsheet you copy to your own Drive, with the statement already built and waiting for your figures.

¿Por qué utilizar Google Sheets para crear una cuenta de resultados?

• Flexible: Google Sheets lets you manage and analyze your financial data in the way that suits your business. Whenever you need to change the system you can simply adapt the spreadsheet — without accounting software or IT support.
• Accessible: Because Google Sheets is cloud-based, your accountants or admin staff can open the file and update the figures at any time, from their phone or laptop.
• Compatible with everything: If you use other software packages in your company, you can export from them and bring that data straight into Google Sheets.
• Facilidad de uso: La mayoría de las personas de tu empresa probablemente ya utilicen hojas de cálculo y Google Sheets es fácil de usar para los principiantes. Como resultado, el sistema es fácil de mantener y la incorporación de tu equipo es rápida y sencilla.

Cómo empezar

Sheetgo’s Income statement template is a single Google Sheets file with the statement already built into it. You record income on one tab and expenses on another, and the pre-written formulas fill in a month-by-month income statement along with income and expenses summaries.

It suits companies of any size. Whoever handles invoices and payments records them on the input tabs, and the accountant or company director reads the finished statement on the Cuenta de resultados mensual tab. There is nothing to set up and no account to create: you copy the file to your own Google Drive and it is yours to keep.

What kind of template is this?

It is one Google Sheets file. The inputs, the formulas and the finished statement all live in the same spreadsheet, on separate tabs. Copy it once and you have your own private version, pre-filled with sample data you can overwrite with your own numbers.

Two tabs are for typing into — Ingresos y Entrada de gastos. Everything else is calculated from what you enter there, so you never have to write a formula yourself.

Working in a single spreadsheet gives you:

• One version of the truth: income, expenses and the statement itself sit in the same file, so there is nothing to reconcile between spreadsheets and no doubt about which copy is current.
• Scalability: you can build on the file as your company grows — add categories, extra columns, or a copy for next year — without redesigning it or moving to different software.
• Integration: Google Sheets works well alongside other software, so accountants and managers can bring in figures from other tools and paste them into the input tabs.

Lo que obtienes con esta plantilla:

Copying the Income statement template saves one Google Sheets file to your Google Drive. Inside it you will find:

• Read me — a short guide to the file and the order to fill it in.
• Entradas — where you set the year to report on, and the accrual periods used to spread a cost over more than one year.
• Ingresos — one row per invoice received: date, client, invoice number, amount, accrual dates, income category, product and department.
• Entrada de gastos — one row per invoice paid: date, supplier, invoice number, amount, accrual dates, type of expense, expenditure category and department.
• Cuenta de resultados mensual — the finished statement, month by month and for the full year: net operating income, gross margin, total expenses, EBITDA, earnings before interest and tax, and net earnings.
• Income Summary per Month y Resumen de gastos por mes — the figures behind the statement, broken down by category.
• Income Accrual Mapping — shows how each income entry is spread across the months, based on the accrual period you picked for it.
• Automate this — what to do when you would rather not keep the file up to date by hand.

How to get the income statement template

Click the blue button below, then click Haz una copia to save your own version to Google Drive.

Cómo utilizar el modelo de cuenta de resultados

Step 1: Set the year and the accrual periods

Abra el Entradas tab. Enter the year you want to report on next to Year to report on. Every other tab keys off this figure, so it is the first thing to fill in.

Underneath it is the Accrual periods table, which is how you spread a cost over more than one year. Immediate divides the amount by 1, so the whole sum lands in the month it was paid; 5 years divides it by 5. You pick which one applies to each line in the Accrual period column of the Expenses Input tab. Edit these rows, or add your own, if your business spreads costs over different periods.

Step 2: Log the money coming in

Ir a la Ingresos tab and record every invoice the company issues, one per row: the input date, client name, invoice number, the amount received, the accrual starting date and period, the income category, and — if it is useful to you — the product and department it belongs to.

The tab arrives with sample rows so you can see the shape of the data. Delete them or type over them with your own.

The grey Current Year Income ($) column at the end is calculated for you: it is the share of each amount that falls inside the year you set on the Inputs tab. Leave that column alone.

Because this is a normal Google Sheets file, you can hand it to the colleague who processes invoices with the green Compartir button and give them edit access.

If you would rather they did not work in the file itself, attach a Google Form to it. The form gives you data validation on the way in and drops every submission into its own tab in the same spreadsheet.

As soon as there are rows on the Income Input tab, the Income Summary per Month y Income Accrual Mapping tabs fill in. Both are built from formulas, so treat them as read-only — type over a formula and the numbers stop adding up.

Step 3: Log the money going out

En Entrada de gastos tab works the same way for money leaving the company. Record each invoice you pay: the input date, supplier, invoice number, amount, accrual start date and period, the type of expense, the expenditure category and the department.

En Type of expense column is the one that decides where a cost lands in the statement. Its options are the same labels you see down the left of the finished statement — COGS, R&D, CAPEX, income tax, finance costs, refunds and returns — so it pays to be consistent about which one you pick.

Here too, the grey Current Year Expense ($) column is worked out for you from the accrual period you chose, and the Resumen de gastos por mes tab totals everything by category.

You can share the file with whoever handles payments in exactly the same way. Because it is one spreadsheet, the person entering income and the person entering expenses can work in it at the same time.

Step 4: Read your income statement

Abra el Cuenta de resultados mensual tab. This is the output: a column for each month of the year you set, a Total Year column on the right, and the standard statement lines down the left — net operating income, gross margin, total expenses, EBITDA, earnings before interest and tax, earnings before tax, and net earnings.

There is nothing to do to this tab. It recalculates as you and your colleagues add rows to the two input tabs. There is also a placeholder in the top-left corner where you can drop your own logo before you send the statement to a director, a bank, or your accountant.

Build your income statement in Google Sheets

That is the whole process: set the year, log the income, log the expenses, read the statement. No accounting software to buy, no waiting on an external accountant, and no month-end guesswork about where a number came from.

The one thing a spreadsheet cannot do is fill itself in. Someone still has to key in the invoices and chase the ones that are missing. If that is the part you would rather hand over, the Automate this tab in the file introduces Owen, Sheetgo’s finance virtual employee, who takes on the invoice and reconciliation work for you.

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